When can vitrified clay pipe and fittings be used?

Vitrified clay pipe and fittings are specifically designed for use in underground drainage systems. Their properties, such as resistance to corrosion, high strength, and low permeability, make them suitable for handling waste and stormwater, which are typical components of underground drainage. This material is non-absorbent and can effectively withstand the conditions found in soil environments, including the weight of earth above them and any potential chemical interactions with the surrounding environment.

Choosing to use vitrified clay pipe in above-ground drainage or fixtures is not appropriate due to potential impacts from exposure to elements, physical impacts, and risks of thermal expansion and contraction, which are more significant in above-ground applications. Likewise, while some might consider vitrified clay for various water services, it is not generally intended for water distribution systems where flexibility and pressure handling are priorities. Therefore, this specialization limits use mainly to underground drainage systems, emphasizing the importance of material suitability based on conditions and intended application.